IPCC

IPCC står för Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change och är en mellanstatlig organisation som grundades 1988 av Världsmeteorologiska organisationen (WMO) och Förenta nationernas miljöprogram (UNEP). IPCC:s uppgift är att utvärdera den vetenskapliga kunskapen om klimatförändringar, deras potentiella effekter och möjliga åtgärder för att mildra dem. Organisationen publicerar regelbundet rapporter som är baserade på den senaste forskningen inom klimatvetenskapen och som används som underlag för beslutsfattare och politiker över hela världen.

Här är Sveriges fulaste kalhygge

Här är Sveriges fulaste kalhygge

I protest mot Sveriges ohållbara skogsbruk har Greenpeace lanserat tävlingen "Sveriges fulaste kalhygge". Allmänheten har deltagit genom att skicka in foton på kalhyggen från sina närområden, och totalt inkom närmare 80 bidrag. En jury valde ut de fem finalister som tävlat om den inte så smickrande titeln.

– Alla fem bidrag visar att detta är ett nationellt problem som påverkar hela Sverige, säger Erica Bjureby. Finalisterna De fem finalisterna kommer från Gävleborg, Västerbotten, Värmland, Västmanland och Västra Götaland. Den vinnande bilden, tagen av Daniela Ross från Värmland, valdes för sin tragikomiska kontrast: en skylt som uppmanar besökare att njuta av naturen mitt i ett ödelandskap. Juryn var enhällig i sitt beslut. Skogsindustrin: ”Kalhyggen säkerställer föryngring” Olof Johansson, skogspolitisk chef på Sveaskog, menar att kalhyggen fortfarande är en viktig metod för att säkerställa god föryngring av skogen. – Skogsbruket rör sig mot en ökad variation i skogsskötseln, där olika metoder används beroende på skogstyp och behov, säger Johansson.

Argumentet får inte medhåll från Bjureby som är kritisk till skogsindustrins försvar av kalhyggen. – Vi har bättre och mer hållbara metoder än kalhyggen, säger hon och fortsätter Det här är fel sätt att bruka skogen. och hänvisar till FNs egen klimatpanel IPCC, som säger att för att vi ska kunna rädda klimatet måste vi skydda och bevara viktiga ekosystem. Det inkluderar även de svenska skogarna. Framtida Åtgärder Enligt Bjuraby måste Sverige omedelbart upphöra med kalhyggen och övergå till naturnära skogsbruk. Hon understryker också vikten av att skydda kontinuitetsskogar, gammelskogar och fjällnära skogar för att uppfylla både EU och FN:s krav på naturskydd och mänskliga rättigheter.

IPCC-chef: Faller inte över stup om vi missar målet

IPCC-chef: Faller inte över stup om vi missar målet

Sommarens globala värmerekord ställer klimatfrågan på sin spets – men det finns fortfarande hopp. Det säger klimatpanelen IPCC:s ordförande Jim Skea till SVT. – Det är inte som att vi faller över ett stup när vi passerar 1,5 graders uppvärmning. Riskerna ökar successivt, säger Skea och tillägger att det ännu är för tidigt att säga om klimatet befinner sig i början på en permanent förändring eller i början av en kortare cykel. I samband med en intervju i Der Spiegel i somras kritiserades Skea för att tona ned allvaret i klimatkrisen genom att vända sig mot alarmism. Till SVT säger IPCC-ordföranden att han försöker förmedla ett budskap att mänskligheten inte ska dras in i en känsla av hopplöshet på grund av ”den brådska vi befinner oss i”.

ANALYS: "Regeringen presenterar en klimatbudget – utan ambitioner"

ANALYS: "Regeringen presenterar en klimatbudget – utan ambitioner"

Under året har många svenskar drabbats hårt när hem och egendomar har förstörts av extremväder. I dagens budgetproposition har regeringen inte haft de som fått förstörda hem och egendomar i åtanke. Under 2023 har extremväder avlöst varandra, i världen och i Sverige. I färskt minne har vi ovädret Hans i augusti, som orsakade kraftiga skyfall, översvämningar och jordskred i Åre, urspårade tåg, vägar som rasade, med mera. Och redan i januari svämmade sjöar och vattendrag över i södra och mellersta Sverige. Regeringen konstaterar i budgeten att prognosen är dålig för att klara Sveriges klimatmål till år 2030 och 2045. Trots det innehåller den få åtgärder om minskade utsläpp av koldioxid och andra växthusgaser på kort sikt. Regeringens bedömning är att utsläppen i själva verket kommer att öka med mellan 5,9 – 9,8 miljoner ton till 2030. Och det beror på regeringens egna beslut, ” främst på att reduktionsplikten föreslås sänkas till 6 procent under 2024-2026” skriver regeringen i budgetpropositionen. Vad menas med effektiv? Det är alltså en satsning på att sänka skatten på klimatskadlig bensin och diesel som prioriteras före att klara klimatmålen. I Tidöpartiernas politiska färdplan som presenterades efter valet, står det att den gemensamma klimatpolitiken ska vara effektiv. Men vad menas med effektiv? Det är fortfarande oklart. Enligt miljö- och klimatminister Romina Pourmokthari innebär ”effektiv” att den förda politiken ska ge så stora utsläppsminskningar som möjligt per krona som en åtgärd kostar. Men för dem som drabbas av extremväder med översvämmade hus och andra väderrelaterade skador är det sannolikt en klen tröst. Särskilt som koldioxidutsläppen nu ska tillåtas öka. Men regeringen gör också en och annan satsning på klimatet. I budgeten ökas till exempel anslagen till klimatinvesteringar med 800 miljoner kronor nästa år, framför allt för att bygga ut laddinfrastrukturen. Åtgärderna är långt ifrån tillräckliga Men någon ny elbilspremie till privatpersoner blir det inte. Däremot kommer det finnas pengar för att skrota lätta lastbilar och ersätta med eldrivna. Med tanke på att transporterna står för cirka en tredjedel av de svenska klimatutsläppen, bör den satsningen leda till en viss minskning. Men de sammantagna effekterna av regeringens åtgärder är långt ifrån tillräckliga för att skynda på omställningen och bidra till att den globala medeltemperaturen inte ökar mer än med 1,5 grader jämfört med före industrialismen. Enligt FNs expertpanel IPCC är det en nivå på uppvärmningen som gör klimatförändringarna hyggligt hanterbara. Hittills har medeltemperaturen ökat med cirka 1 grad. Samtidigt som regeringen presenterar sin budget, pågår ett högnivåmöte om klimatet i FN-skrapan i New York. FN:s generalsekreterare António Guterres samlar politiker, företagare, miljöorganisationer med flera för att ”accelerera” omedelbara och omfattande utsläppsminskningar, för att det ska finnas en chans att klara 1,5-gradersmålet som världens länder kommit överens om i Parisavtalet.  Hur låter Sveriges röst där?

Läckta dokument avslöjar hur Exxon spelar ner klimatrisker

Läckta dokument avslöjar hur Exxon spelar ner klimatrisker

Exxon Mobil drev länge en strategi för att spela ner klimatförändringar och bolagets påverkan och ansvar. Det visar läckta dokument som The Wall Street Journal har kommit över. Strategin bedrevs dessutom medan bolaget hade en helt annan kommunikation utåt. Nu står företagen inför dussintals rättsprocesser över hela USA, där det anklagas för att ha vilselett sina intressenter och allmänheten. En av stämningarna kommer från styret på den brandhärjade Maui-ön på Hawaii där bränder dödade över hundra personer i augusti. Redan 2020 anklagade ön Exxon och andra oljeföretag för att utsätta platser som Maui för klimatrisker – bland annat för allt farligare skogsbränder. Internal documents show what the oil giant said publicly was very different from how it approached the issue privately By Christopher M Matthews and Collin Eaton

The Wall Street Journal, 14 September 2023 Exxon Mobil issued its first public statement that burning fossil fuels contributes to climate change in 2006, following years of denial. In public forums, the company argued that the risk of serious impact on the environment justified global action. Yet behind closed doors, Exxon took a very different tack: Its executives strategized over how to diminish concerns about warming temperatures, and they sought to muddle scientific findings that might hurt its oil-and-gas business, according to internal Exxon documents reviewed by The Wall Street Journal and interviews with former executives. Exxon’s public acceptance in 2006 of the risks posed by climate change was an early act of Rex Tillerson , an Exxon lifer who became CEO that year. Some viewed him as a moderating force who brought Exxon in line with the scientific consensus. The documents reviewed by the Journal, which haven’t been previously reported, cast Tillerson’s decadelong tenure in a different light. They show that Tillerson, as well as some of Exxon’s board directors and other top executives, sought to cast doubt on the severity of climate change’s impacts. Exxon scientists supported research that questioned the findings of mainstream climate science, even after the company said it would stop funding think tanks and others that promoted climate-change denial. Exxon is now a defendant in dozens of lawsuits around the U.S. that accuse it and other oil companies of deception over climate change and that aim to collect billions of dollars in damages. Prosecutors and attorneys involved in some of the cases are seeking some of the documents reviewed by the Journal, which were part of a previous investigation by New York’s attorney general but never made public. One of the lawsuits is from Hawaii’s Maui County, where wildfires killed more than 100 people in August. The lawsuit, filed in 2020, alleged the island faced increased climate-related risks, including more dangerous wildfires, caused by fossil-fuel companies. Some of the lawsuits may go to trial as soon as next year. “I know how this information looks—when taken out of context, it seems bad,” Exxon CEO Darren Woods said in response to the Journal’s inquiry about the documents. “But having worked with some of these colleagues earlier in my career, I have the benefit of knowing they are people of good intent. None of these old emails and notes matter though. All that does is that we’re building an entire business dedicated to reducing emissions—both our own and others—and spending billions of dollars on solutions that have a real, sustainable impact.” Under Woods, who became CEO in 2017, Exxon has committed to spend $17 billion over five years on emissions-reducing technologies. Exxon didn’t address detailed questions sent by the Journal. Tillerson declined to comment through a representative. Exxon turned millions of pages of documents over to the New York attorney general during that office’s yearslong investigation, announced in 2015, into whether the company misled investors about the impact of climate regulation on its business. The Journal reviewed summaries of the documents that Exxon’s lawyers had determined were the most significant. After the attorney general narrowed the focus of the case, the documents weren’t made public. The documents summarize emails between top executives, board meetings and Tillerson’s edits of speeches, among other things. After a nearly three-week trial in 2019, Justice Barry Ostrager of the New York State Supreme Court ruled the New York attorney general failed to prove its case. “Nothing in this opinion is intended to absolve Exxon Mobil from responsibility for contributing to climate change,” Ostrager wrote. Throughout Tillerson’s tenure between 2006 and 2016, Exxon executives in their internal communications attempted to push back against the notion that humans needed to curtail oil and gas use to help the planet—despite the company’s public statements that action was needed. In 2012, after the pre-eminent scientific authority on climate change warned of global calamity if carbon emissions continued unabated, Tillerson disagreed and directed Exxon researchers to “influence” the group. As pressure mounted to stop drilling in the Arctic due to rapid glacial melting and other environmental impacts, Exxon fretted about a key project in Russia’s far north and worked to “de-couple climate change and the Arctic.” “The general perception is that Tillerson was softer and stopped funding the bad guys” that were espousing climate change denial, said Lee Wasserman, the director of the Rockefeller Family Fund, a charity that partly focuses on environmental issues. “This is the first X-ray into Tillerson’s head and shows he wanted to throw climate mitigation off the rails. It’s obituary-changing.” The fund has issued grants financing litigation and other support for around two dozen cases against Exxon, whose predecessor, Standard Oil, was founded by family patriarch John D. Rockefeller . The fund has invested millions of dollars in a broader campaign against big oil companies. A study published earlier this year in the journal Science determined Exxon’s climate modelers had predicted warming temperatures with precision since the 1970s, in line with the scientific consensus. The study was funded, in part, by a grant from the Rockefeller Family Fund. In the summer of 1988, NASA scientist James Hansen issued what’s now seen as a seminal warning on climate change when he testified before Congress that Earth was warming dangerously and humans were causing it. Frank Sprow , then Exxon’s head of corporate research, sent a memo to colleagues a few months later articulating what would become a central pillar of Exxon’s strategy. “If a worldwide consensus emerges that action is needed to mitigate against Greenhouse gas effects, substantial negative impacts on Exxon could occur,” wrote Sprow. “Any additional R&D efforts within Corporate Research on Greenhouse should have two primary purposes: 1. Protect the value of our resources (oil, gas, coal). 2. Preserve Exxon’s business options.” Sprow’s memo was adopted by Exxon as policy, he said in a recent interview. Exxon stopped most internal climate research, instead funding it through university and research organizations, Sprow said. Exxon’s corporate research division was redirected from broader scientific study to focus on “science to support our business.” Sprow said he and former Exxon CEO Lee Raymond acknowledged the climate was changing but questioned to what extent human activity was causing it and how serious and rapid the impacts would be. The January study in Science said that Exxon’s climate modelers mostly attributed the changes to humans. Martin Hoffert, who worked as a consultant to Exxon on climate science in the 1980s, said Sprow’s memo sent another message: “It’s an oblique way of saying we’re in the oil business and we’re not going to get out of the oil business, and we’ll do everything we can to make money on the oil business.” By the time Tillerson became CEO in 2006, Exxon’s positions on climate change had become a public-relations nightmare, according to Sprow, who retired from the company in 2005. Exxon’s public shift on climate change came after the Royal Society, a British scientific academy, criticized the company for spreading “inaccurate and misleading” views on climate science in 2006. Exxon responded in a letter that it recognized “the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere poses risks that may prove significant for society and ecosystems.” An Eagle Scout and a civil engineer by training, Tillerson spent his entire career at Exxon before becoming CEO in 2006. He left in 2017 to become then-President Trump’s Secretary of State. His views on climate change were influenced by the previous generation of Exxon executives, said former company executives who worked with him. During his tenure, Tillerson took little action to curb the company’s emissions and instead believed the onus was on governments to push companies to address climate change, they said. In 2011, scientists working for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, convened by the United Nations, warned of global calamity if carbon emissions caused temperatures to rise more than 4 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels by 2100, its worst-case scenario. Tillerson told a top Exxon climate researcher the scenario was “not credible,” the documents show. Tillerson was “dissatisfied with media coverage,” the researcher, Haroon Kheshgi, told colleagues in a 2012 email about the findings. Further, Tillerson wanted to engage with IPCC “to influence [the group], in addition to gathering info.” Chris Field was the co-chair of an IPCC working group during Tillerson’s tenure at Exxon. He rejected Tillerson’s criticism that the worst-case scenario laid out by the group wasn’t credible. Though emissions reductions are preventing the worst case, Field said, the science has held up over time. “I’m honestly flattered that he thought IPCC was consequential enough to want to influence it,” said Field, who is now director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment. He added that the IPCC process is structured to prevent undue influence from individual businesses or other entities and that the Exxon scientists he’d dealt with were professional. While Tillerson and others played down the risks posed by climate change, Exxon’s scientists were themselves modeling alarming increases in carbon emissions without dramatic reductions in fossil-fuel consumption. “It’s almost reluctantly that we address C02 emissions,” Scott Nauman, a corporate planning manager, wrote in a January 2009 email as the company was preparing its annual energy outlook. “It is not a positive story. Global emissions continue to rise throughout the outlook timeframe – that’s clearly a cause for concern.” Exxon routinely pushed back against the idea that dramatic curtailment of fossil-fuel consumption was necessary. Instead, it suggested that technological solutions, including making cars and other machines more efficient, were the most effective measure to halt global warming. Fossil fuels are responsible for more than 75% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, according to the IPCC. Before giving a speech at an event hosted by Stanford University’s Global Climate & Energy Project in February 2009, Tillerson appeared to make edits to avoid embracing positions that would hurt Exxon’s business. In one part of the draft speech he crossed out “oil, natural gas and coal will not meet all of the world’s needs to the year 2030.” Later, he added, “the most cost effective steps we can take to address this energy and environmental challenge is to extend our energy efficiency gains.” Weeks earlier, Nauman had concluded in his January email that emissions would increase through 2030 despite such gains. “We would like them to be lower, but given the state of technology, given the need for energy, given the practical choices for energy, emissions rise despite aggressive efficiency gains,” Nauman wrote. In 2008, Exxon announced it would stop funding think tanks and other groups that questioned climate science, saying their positions “could divert attention from the important discussion on how the world will secure the energy required for economic growth in an environmentally responsible manner.” Exxon researchers continued to support scientific research that cast doubt on climate science and its impacts, documents show. Later in 2008, Gene Tunison, a manager of global regulatory affairs and research planning, said Exxon should direct a scientist to help the American Petroleum Institute, the industry’s influential lobbying group, write a paper about climate science uncertainty.’ “I support [Exxon] co-authoring a paper on uncertainty in measuring GHGs,” Tunison wrote in an email. Tillerson also pushed back against some of the dire consequences of rising temperatures predicted by climate scientists. After a 2011 meeting, Tillerson’s chief of staff, William Colton, emailed colleagues about the CEO’s feedback on a draft disclosure about carbon emissions. Tillerson wanted the words “weather extremes and storms” deleted. “His view was that even mentioning a possible connection between climate change and weather was possibly giving the notion more credibility than he would like,” Colton wrote. During a 2012 board meeting about “Developments in Climate Science and Policy,” Exxon board member Peter Brabeck-Letmathe said there was “still uncertainty in predicting future climate changes and impacts.” “Money and effort spent on climate change is misplaced,” said Brabeck-Letmathe, the former CEO of Nestlé. In December 2015, Exxon publicly stated its support of the just-signed Paris climate agreement, a nonbinding United Nations treaty that commits countries to work to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius. Climate scientists have warned that if Earth warms more than 2 degrees it could cross irreversible climate tipping points. During his Senate confirmation hearing to become Secretary of State in 2017, Tillerson said he supported staying in the agreement. Months before the treaty was signed, Tillerson had expressed skepticism about its aims. Following a presentation on climate science to Exxon’s board of directors in April 2015, Tillerson called the 2 degrees target “something magical,” according to a summary of the meeting. “Who is to say 2.5 is not good enough,” said Tillerson, noting that it was “very expensive” to cut the emissions needed to meet such a target. “When people like Tillerson argue that 2 degrees is magical, it’s in the context of how you try,” said Field, the former IPCC co-chair. “Two degrees can be affordable with the right costs and benefits globally, even if it is not the right costs and benefits for Exxon.” Last week, the United Nations warned countries are far from meeting the Paris agreement’s goals. Exxon said in August that the world isn’t currently on track to reach the targets of the agreement, which it continues to support publicly. Shortly after replacing Tillerson in 2017, Darren Woods spread the word that he was in search of transformative new ideas. A plan to invest in offshore wind projects made its way to the most senior levels of the company, according to people familiar with the proposal. Karen Hughes, a former top official in the George W. Bush administration and an adviser to Exxon, said she counseled that investing in renewable energy would be good for the environment and improve the company’s reputation. To date, Woods hasn’t invested in renewable energy, arguing it’s a low-return business outside Exxon’s skill set. Instead the company has vowed to spend about $3.4 billion a year on average through 2027 curbing its emissions and helping other companies do the same, and investing in areas including carbon capture, biofuels and lithium mining. It also recently struck a deal to buy Denbury , which operates a large network of pipelines that move carbon dioxide, for about $5 billion. Exxon currently plans to spend as much as $25 billion a year in capital expenditures through 2027, mostly on oil and gas.

Mexiko förbereder för kvinnligt maktövertagande

Såväl regeringspartiet som oppositionen i Mexiko har nu presenterat kvinnliga presidentkandidater inför valet. Att landet med största sannolikhet får en kvinnlig president nästa år är historiskt. Omni reder ut vad det betyder; symboliskt och i praktiken. Efter att den mexikanska oppositionen lite oväntat presenterat affärskvinnan Xóchitl Galvéz som sin gemensamma kandidat kom regeringspartiet i förra veckan också med sitt beslut. Claudia Sheinbaum, 61, representerar president Andrés Manuel López Obradors parti Morena. Hon klev nyligen ner från posten som Mexico Citys borgmästare för att kampanja på heltid. Sheinbaum är fysiker och klimatexpert som bland annat doktorerat och suttit i FN:s klimatpanel IPCC. Som teknokrat särskiljer hon sig från sin företrädare som byggt mycket av sin popularitet på folklighet. 60-åriga Galvéz å sin sida trycker gärna på sin enkla uppväxt i delstaten Hidalgo, med en pappa från ursprungsfolket otomí. Liksom Sheinbaum är hon utbildad ingenjör och har sedan gjort karriär inom techindustrin. Hon har tidigare haft flera politiska befattningar och är sedan 2018 senatsledamot för det konservativa partiet PAN. Sett till partierna så står Sheinbaums Morena klart till vänster. Nuvarande president López Obrador, mer känd under sina initialer AMLO, vann 2018 en jordskredsseger med sin populistiska vänsterretorik om sociala program och krafttag mot korruptionen. Sheinbaum står presidenten nära och väntas hålla kvar vid kampen mot nyliberalism och ekonomisk ojämlikhet. Xóchitl Galvéz företräder en koalition av de traditionella maktpartierna PRI, PAN och PRD. De tre representerar för många en politisk elit. Under PRI:s över 70 år vid makten på 1900-talet har ideologierna svängt, men koalitionen ”Bred front för Mexiko” är i dag ett högeralternativ, med konservativa och ekonomiska intressen bakom sig. Inte minst inom sitt eget parti PAN har dock Galvéz profilerat sig som en kandidat längre åt vänster än majoriteten av sina konkurrenter inom blocket. Både Sheinbaum och Galvéz kan i ett mexikanskt sammanhang ses som progressiva och vill exempelvis behålla satsningarna mot fattigdom som genomförts den senaste mandatperioden. Att högerkandidaten Galvéz med den retoriken slagit sig fram som oppositionens kandidat tror statsvetaren Vanessa Romero Rocha beror på den sittande presidenten López Obradors popularitet. I färska opinionsundersökningar får han fortfarande ett stöd på över 60 procent. – Bara en galning skulle simma i motsatt riktning, konstaterar Romero Rocha i en intervju med The Guardian. Delar av Galvéz retorik är slående lik den som AMLO vann med 2018. Men det finns förstås en viss diskrepans mellan höger och vänster i det kommande valet. Hur stor den verkligen är återstår att se när kandidaterna nu formar sina respektive valkampanjer. Om Sheinbaum vinner har hon gjort klart att hon i stort kommer att fortsätta på sin företrädares inslagna väg. Samtidigt kan vi vänta oss en del förändringar. Medan AMLO har satsat stort på det statliga oljebolaget Pemex och ökat landets beroende av fossila bränslen har miljöingenjören Sheinbaum utlovat mer förnyelsebar energi. Som miljöansvarig i en tidigare delstatsregering i huvudstaden och nu senast som borgmästare har hon satsat hårt på kollektivtrafik och miljöfrågor. Skulle Galvéz vinna lär vi få se någon grad av högersväng, mot den i Latinamerika så bekanta nyliberalismen. Men även om hon skulle vilja så kan flera omställningar bli svåra att rulla tillbaka. Det handlar bland annat om militärens ökade roll i samhället, med allt större kontroll över såväl säkerhetsfrågor som infrastruktursatsningar och sociala frågor. AMLO:s Morena styr i dagsläget dessutom i 22 av Mexikos 32 delstater, vilket kan påverka möjligheterna att förändra bortom federal nivå. Att två kvinnor ställs mot varandra är historiskt i ett patriarkalt samhälle som Mexiko, präglat av manschauvinism, traditionella könsroller och våld mot kvinnor. Samtidigt kan det ses som ett tecken i tiden. Den feministiska rörelsen har vuxit sig allt starkare i såväl Mexiko som andra delar av Latinamerika det senaste decenniet. I samma veva som Sheinbaum utropades som Morenas presidentkandidat kom landets högsta domstol med ett nytt domslut som avkriminaliserar abort på federal nivå. Beslutet går i linje med det som kom för två år sedan i delstaten Coahuila, efter år av kamp från kvinnorättsgrupper. Det innebär också att Mexiko sällar sig till länder som Argentina och Colombia, där abort har legaliserats de senaste åren. Båda kandidaterna har sagt att de identifierar sig som feminister och exempelvis uttalat sig för aborträtten och hbtq-rättigheter. Båda ses som progressiva, vilket i Galvéz fall ofta handlar om att hon har positionerat sig tvärtemot partilinjen inom konservativa PAN. Främst på agendan för kvinnorörelsen här står ofta våldet mot kvinnor. I Mexiko mördas i snitt 10 kvinnor varje dag; i de allra flesta fall av en närstående eller tidigare partner. Våldet har mobiliserat anhöriga, feminister och andra kvinnor över hela landet till demonstrationer med hundratusentals deltagare. Under Sheinbaums tid som borgmästare minskade antalet mord på kvinnor i Mexico City, samtidigt som fler misstänkta förövare greps. Galvéz införde när hon styrde stadsdelen Miguel Hidalgo stöd för ensamstående mödrar och har uttalat sitt stöd för härbärgen för våldsutsatta kvinnor. Sheinbaums främsta utmanare, tidigare utrikesminister Marcelo Ebrard, har hävdat felaktigheter i partiets egen valprocess. Hans tydliga protest och det faktum att han inte var med vid utnämningsceremonin skulle kunna leda till en spricka inom partiet som Sheinbaum behöver hantera. – Sammanhållning är grundläggande och dörrarna står alltid öppna, de kommer aldrig att stängas, sa hon själv i samband med utnämnandet. Närheten till AMLO lär främst bli en fördel, men hon behöver också bygga en egen profil, för att inte ses som ett språkrör för honom. En del hävdar också att Sheinbaum inte är tillräckligt karismatisk. Galvéz största utmaning handlar sannolikt om att hon är något av en doldis. Enligt en undersökning nyligen visste 48 procent av mexikanerna inte vem hon var. Dessutom kommer hon att behöva balansera mellan stödet hon ofrånkomligen behöver från de traditionella partier hon företräder och rollen som en outsider, som inte är del av den korrupta maktelit som många sammankopplar PRI, PAN och PRD med. Sheinbaum är i dagsläget klar favorit. Hon kan tänkas få en skjuts både av att vara del av statsapparaten med populäre AMLO i spetsen och av sin framträdande roll som Mexico Citys borgmästare sedan 2018. Galvéz lär få kämpa om uppmärksamheten hos den nästan halva del av befolkningen som fram till alldeles nyligen aldrig hade hört talas om henne. Samtidigt har hon på kort tid lyckats jobba sig upp och göra sig populär som oppositionens kandidat. Hon kan också erbjuda ett alternativ för dem som inte uppskattar AMLO och utvecklingen under den senaste mandatperioden. Sheinbaums utmanare Ebrard uteslöt till en början inte en fristående kandidatur. Men att någon annan än de två toppkandidaterna faktiskt blir landets nye president är osannolikt. Vill du läsa mer?

Ny varning – jorden jämförs med en multisjuk patient

Ny varning – jorden jämförs med en multisjuk patient

Rapporten som en stor grupp forskare från flera länder har skrivit kan liknas vid IPCC:s klimatrapport men tar hänsyn till alla system som formar planeten. Det handlar om allt från biologisk mångfald och vattentillgång till luftföroreningar, avskogning och koralldöd.

— Vi vet inte hur länge vi kan fortsätta övertrassera de här gränserna innan det kombinerade trycket leder till irreversibla förändringar och skada, säger Johan Rockström chef för Potsdaminstitutet för klimatforskning i Tyskland och professor vid Stockholms universitet.

Ett enda system

Mänsklig aktivitet påverkar jordens klimat och ekosystem. Så till den grad att vi nu riskerar hela planetens stabilitet. Och allt hänger ihop – global uppvärmning, utdöende av arter, försurning av haven och kemikalieutsläpp.

Genom avancerade modellsystem kan forskarna visa hur förändringar inom ett område påverkar de andra. Dessutom har man för första gången presenterat faktiska siffror på när de så kallade planetära gränserna inom de nio områdena passeras.

— Budskapet är ganska deprimerande. I årtionden har forskare visat hur mycket mänsklig aktivitet påverkar planeten. Men sedan 2009 har det mesta blivit sämre, säger Sarah Cornell, medförfattare och forskare vid Stockholms universitet.

Klimatforskaren Johan Rockström säger att vi har lösningarna till ett säkert manöverutrymme. Arkivbild. Sex av nio gränser har redan passerats. En av de mest kritiska är den biologiska mångfalden eftersom det området ger så omfattande effekter på flera andra.

— Biologisk mångfald är en bra indikator på alla de levande systemen på samma sätt som klimatet är för de fysiska systemen. Men för att få ordning på de två så krävs det att vi involverar andra delar och ser till att våra vatten inte är överlastade med kväve och fosfor till exempel. Allt hänger ihop, säger Johan Rockström.

Haven har buffrat

Ett exempel på att planeten är skadad är att skogen har absorberat 25 procent av all koldioxid som människan släppt ut och vattnet har absorberat ytterligare 25. Men mycket tyder på att måttet är rågat och att det buffertsystemet kommer att ta slut. Ett annat exempel är att haven, som absorberar en stor del av värmen, nu i stället släpper ifrån sig värme.

— När vi pratar om målet att inte komma över 1,5 grader i global uppvärmning utgår man från att planeten ska fortsätta ta upp koldioxid, men det är väldigt optimistiskt att tro det, säger Johan Rockström.

Planetens motståndskraft mot mänsklig påverkan är snart slut. Ingo Fetzer, forskare vid Stockholm Resillience Center och medförfattare till rapporten liknar planeten vid ett flygplan som tidigare gått på autopilot.

— Nu måste vi själva styra planet i stället för att tro att det bara löser sig. Problemet är att vi inte vet vad alla spakar och knappar gör, säger han.

Ett positivt exempel finns – ozonlagret. Gränsen för hur mycket det kunde minska passerades redan på 1990-talet, men till följd av globala åtgärder har det kunnat återhämtat sig. Utöver ozon är vi också fortfarande på den säkra sidan försurningen av haven och mängden luftburna partiklar från olika utsläpp.

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Episode #098: Solar Variability Ignored / IPCC Mandates AGW / Dark Age Cold Period / CO2 Fertilization Effect

RC and crew return to review Spring events and resume the benefits of Carbon Dioxide discussions. RC goes thru his analysis of a paper about pre-Viking societies adaptations to the fluctuating European climate, with focus on the Dark Ages Cold Period. Also from his writings for prior RandallCarlson.com monthly newsletters, RC conveys how a group of solar physicists are concerned with the unwise practice of IPCC modelling climate using steady-state solar output. Record cold in the western US, and a graph of last winter’s snow cover expansion by state is being used as another factor claiming - Climate Crisis! Strange brain games are being played when everything is blamed on AGW and rising CO2 – despite its fertilization effect and NASA.gov reporting vast “Greening” of the planet. Oh – and Silent Mike reports 1968 is the baseline! Kosmographia Ep098 of The Randall Carlson Podcast, with Brothers of the Serpent – Kyle and Russ, Normal Guy Mike, and GeocosmicREX admin Bradley, from 5/08/23   In the name of liberty and freedom, we are moving this podcast to our new partner platform! Please join us here: https://www.howtube.com/channels/RandallCarlson   LINKS: Activities Board: https://randallcarlson.com/tours-and-events/ RC’s monthly updates on science news and his activities:  https://randallcarlson.com/newsletter “The Randall Carlson” socials: https://randallcarlson.com/links   "Here Be Dragons" Pt1 Video on Demand: https://howtube.com/14574    Video on Demand ongoing full access to 20 hours of Cosmic Summit ’23:  https://howtube.com/RCCS23   Malcolm Bendall presents on MSAART Plasmoid Revolution: https://www.howtube.com/channels/StrikeFoundationEarth   RC with Tucker Carlson (missing from his TC Today page) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOqzLhxzd6s   Mysterious Origins of Halloween and the Ancient Day of the Dead Festivals (Video on Demand $18) https://www.howtube.com/Dh4nrIFWkiSc?f=yt    Sacred Geometry introductory workshop (Video on Demand $72) https://howtube.com/SGwithRC   Plato’s Atlantis – 7 hours of deep-dive (Video on Demand $33) https://www.howtube.com/12513   Cool Kosmographia and RC gear:  https://randallcarlson.com/shop   New university/village “Sanctuary Project” : https://project.randallcarlson.com  Contact at the Cabin Tours:  https://contactatthecabin.com/ Randall with Rogan ep1772  https://open.spotify.com/episode/190slemJsUXH5pEYR6DUbf RC with Graham JRE 1897 “Ancient Apocalypse” Netflix series and new technology announcement: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2xvmTo09BFMd6tJfJPmmvT   Full listing of scientific papers about the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis: https://cosmictusk.com   CBD RECOMMENDED - “CBD from the gods” for the Kosmographia audience - you GET FREE SHIPPING on your order!  Use code: “RCshipsFREE” (not case sensitive) when you check out at https://www.cbdfromthegods.com    Support Randall Carlson's efforts to discover and share pivotal paradigm-shifting information! Improve the quality of the podcast and future videos. Allow him more time for his research into the many scientific journals, books, and his expeditions into the field, as he continues to decipher the clues that explain the mysteries of our past, and prepare us for the future...   Contribute to RC thru howtube: https://www.howtube.com/channels/RandallCarlson#tab_donate    Make a one-time donation thru PayPal, credit/debit card or other account here: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=8YVDREQ9SMKL6&source=url   Contribute monthly to receive bonus content and perks:  https://patreon.com/RandallCarlson   http://www.RandallCarlson.com has the podcast, RC’s blog, galleries, and products to purchase! 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[2021 RETROSPECTIVE] What is the IPCC report?

"Do you really know?" is Bababam's daily podcast, which helps you understand the words, acronyms, and concepts that are making the news every day. From December 6th to 20th, discover the words that have left their mark on the year, with our 2021 Retrospective. From the "Pandora Papers" affair to the "#QuitMyJob" hashtag and of course the "Long Covid" condition, (re)discover these words that sum up 2021. What is the IPCC report? Thanks for asking! There may still be a minority of doubters out there, but it’s becoming increasingly difficult to deny the existence of climate change and its disastrous consequences.  The summer months of July and August have once again seen extreme and unprecedented weather events, like the North American heat dome we discussed in a recent episode, the fires witnessed in Greece caused partly by a lack of rainfall, or the deadly floods which hit Belgium and Germany, countries usually known for having a mild climate.  Released on August 9th, the latest Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change comes as a stark reminder that planet Earth is heating up. It’s known as AR6 for short, reflecting the fact that it’s the sixth such report, with the first dating back to 1990. Who actually makes up the IPCC? What can we read in the latest edition? Is there any hope? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is rape culture? What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs? What is the Covid vaccine pill? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Episode 1: GB Invasives Strategy, IPCC Report & UN High Seas Treaty

In this episode of Nature In A Nutshell, we break down the Great Britain Invasives Strategy, the IPCC Report, and the UN High Seas Treaty and what this means for people and nature. We also touch on Sir David Attenborough's latest series, Wild Isles, and Ireland's first Hope Spot on the Greater Skellig Coast.Nature In A Nutshell is brought to you by the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management (CIEEM). We are the leading professional membership body representing and supporting ecologists and environmental managers in the UK, Ireland and abroad. Visit our website: https://cieem.net/ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Highlights - Nobel Peace Prize-winning Climate Scientist MARK HOWDEN - Director, Climate Change Institute at ANU - Vice Chair of IPCC

"We live in a diverse world, and we're in a funny time where we sometimes see the best of humanity and the worst of humanity. And I think what we need to do is be very strong in wanting to lift the game of each other and ourselves. And so I think that's one of the sort of key things. Particularly, young people should be more demanding that we behave better towards each other and care more about each other and the world that we live in. In terms of these heatwaves, droughts, and fires that the world is seeing, which we thought were going to hit us in 2050 or 2070, are hitting us now in 2023. So, those risks are coming much faster and harder than we thought they were going to come. And so, in many cases, we're unprepared for the severity of these changes."Our window to adapt to a warming world is narrowing quickly. What it will take to avert the climate crises? Mark Howden is Director of the Climate Change Institute at The Australian National University and a Vice Chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and a member of the Australian National Climate Science Advisory Committee. He has been a major contributor to the IPCC since 1991, with roles in the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and now Sixth Assessment Reports, sharing the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize with other IPCC participants and Al Gore. He was on the US Federal Advisory Committee for the 3rd National Climate Assessment and contributes to several major national and international science and policy advisory bodies. Mark has worked on climate variability, climate change, innovation and adoption issues for over 30 years in partnership with many industry, community and policy groups via both research and science-policy roles. https://iceds.anu.edu.au/people/academics/professor-mark-howdenhttps://iceds.anu.edu.au/www.ipcc.chwww.creativeprocess.infowww.oneplanetpodcast.orgIG www.instagram.com/creativeprocesspodcast

What is the IPCC report?

What is the IPCC report? Thanks for asking! There may still be a minority of doubters out there, but it’s becoming increasingly difficult to deny the existence of climate change and its disastrous consequences.  The summer months of July and August have once again seen extreme and unprecedented weather events, like the North American heat dome we discussed in a recent episode, the fires witnessed in Greece caused partly by a lack of rainfall, or the deadly floods which hit Belgium and Germany, countries usually known for having a mild climate.  Released on August 9th, the latest Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change comes as a stark reminder that planet Earth is heating up. It’s known as AR6 for short, reflecting the fact that it’s the sixth such report, with the first dating back to 1990. Who actually makes up the IPCC? What can we read in the latest edition? Is there any hope? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is rape culture? What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs? What is the Covid vaccine pill? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

IPCC: Reporting Climate Science to the World

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading force of the United Nations in advancing our understanding of climate change, its consequences, and the measures needed to combat it. In the realm of climate communication, IPCC reports stand as some of the most influential publications on the global stage. Since its inception in 1988, the flagship reports it has produced have played a foundational role in moulding public sentiment and policymaking on climate change.But how are these reports developed? What collaborative efforts are made by experts in climate science, communication, and policy to bring them to life? In this episode of Climate Decoded, we’re asking: How does the IPCC, through its reports, influence global climate policy? With the guidance of climate and communication specialists, an exclusive visit to the IPCC headquarters, and a brief excursion to a Swiss lakeside city to meet an IPCC scientist, we explore the three essential stages of the IPCC report creation process.Firstly, we delve into how climate research is collected and synthesized by IPCC authors. Secondly, we illuminate the methodical procedure through which this information is consolidated and communicated in the form of an IPCC report. Thirdly, we shed light on the role of global policymakers in the process. And while demystifying these stages, we cast a discerning eye on some of the frequently debated aspects of IPCC report production, namely the inclusivity of voices in the process and the delicate practice of offering policy recommendations without prescribing specific actions.Find resources mentioned in the episode and more at www.climatedecoded.com. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Bonus Episode - Leaked IPCC Report

This is a bonus episode, which reflects the weekly bonus episodes we release as a "ThankYou" to our Patreon supporters. This week's topic is the leaked IPCC report and how it differs from their past reports. To receive these bonus episodes, join us here!Support the show Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Episode twenty: IPCC Report Special with Lord Nicholas Stern and Rhian-Mari Thomas

The latest release from the sixth IPCC Report shows that emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities are responsible for approximately 1.1°C of warming since 1850-1900, and that the global temperature is expected to reach or exceed 1.5°C of warming increase within the next two decades. The need for finance to support a transition to both net-zero and negative-carbon emissions has never been more urgent. In this IPCC Special episode, Green is the New Finance looks at the Report's findings and the role of finance.  Guest Lord Nicholas Stern, I. G. Patel Professor of Economics and Government and Chairman of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics shares his views on the role of public finance, while Green Finance Institute CEO, Rhian-Mari Thomas, discusses the role of private finance with hosts Ryan Jude and Helen Avery. 

Climate change: IPCC scientists on the narrowing window of opportunity to adapt

Scientists on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change just published a stark new warning about the impacts climate change is already having on our planet. Some of these impacts are already irreversible. In this episode, we talk to three of the scientists involved in the report about what the future may hold – and the narrowing window of opportunity to adapt to climate change.Featuring Mark Howden, director of the ANU Institute for Climate, Energy and Disaster Solutions at Australian National University, Balsher Singh Sidhu, postdoctoral research fellow in resources, environment and sustainability at the University of British Columbia in Canada and Edward R. Carr, professor and director of international development, community, and environment, Clark University in the US.And a section of a rocket is about to crash on the Moon. Paul Hayne, assistant professor of astrophysical and planetary Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder in the US tells us what he’s hoping to learn from studying the collision. (Listen from 36m)And Jonathan Este, international politics editor at The Conversation in Cambridge in the UK, recommends some recent analysis on the Russian invasion of Ukraine. (Listen from 46m30)The Conversation Weekly is produced by Mend Mariwany and Gemma Ware, with sound design by Eloise Stevens. Our theme music is by Neeta Sarl. Full credits for this episode available here.Further readingMass starvation, extinctions, disasters: the new IPCC report’s grim predictions, and why adaptation efforts are falling behindIPCC report: Half the world is facing water scarcity, floods and dirty water — large investments are needed for effective solutions A rocket is going to crash into the Moon – the accidental experiment will shed light on the physics of impacts in space Putin’s invasion of Ukraine attacks its distinct history and reveals his imperial instincts Putin’s claim to rid Ukraine of Nazis is especially absurd given its history  Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Climate mixtape: IPCC reflections

What hope can we take from the intense IPCC report released this week? Climate Curious spoke to five experts to compile our first ever mixtape! A mashup of expert hot takes designed to soothe your soul and raise your spirits. As Isaias Hernandez puts it, “Evidence based hope is not just this wishful type of thinking. It's actually rooted in this continued momentum of progress that is being made.”Featuring contributions from: Mark Dyson, RMI Isaias Hernandez, environmental educatorTessa Khan, UpliftJessica Kleczka, climate psychologist Dr. Faith Mwangi-Powell, Girls Not Brides Follow Climate Curious:Newsletter InstagramTwitter LinkedIn FacebookSuggest a topic you’d like Climate Curious to cover. Follow Climate Curious:NewsletterInstagramTwitterLinkedInFacebookSuggest a topic you’d like Climate Curious to cover

IPCC report, Cairngorms Connect project, grass pea, the Sun exhibition at Science Museum

Adam Rutherford speaks to Dr Tamsin Edwards, a lecturer in Physical Geography at Kings College London and a lead author for the latest IPCC report. Dr Edwards describes what happens in the making of the report, including the summarising of the wealth of scientific literature available into an understandable document for the policy makers.Cairngorms National Park in Scotland is part of an ambitious project to restore the habitat to its former natural state. Four organisations have joined together as the 'Cairngorms Connect’ project – Scottish Natural Heritage, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Wildland Limited and Forest Enterprise Scotland. Graeme Prest of Forest Enterprise Scotland explains how the project team will start to restore the habitat.The grass pea is a resilient and highly nutritious legume but it contains varying level of toxins. Marnie Chesterton visits the John Innes Centre in Norwich to meet the researchers working on making the grass pea less poisonous, which could aid food security, particularly in sub-Saharan.The Sun is technically a G-type main sequence star, which means it’s a giant continuous nuclear fusion reaction plasma, spewing out extremely dangerous matter and energy in every direction, and when it hits the Earth, this can cause all sorts of problems. Adam visits the Science Museum in London to meet Harry Cliff, a physicist and curator of a new exhibition: ‘The Sun: Living With Our Star’, which explores our relationship with the closest star to earth. Adam also finds out from Professor Chris Scott of Reading University about a citizen science project called Protect our Planet from Solar Storms.

Here's What the IPCC Report Actually Said About Carbon Dioxide Removal

Everyone else might have moved on but we're still plodding through the latest IPCC report over here. Carbon dioxide removal, or CDR, came up all over this report, and because the summary is vastly more positive about the potential of this tech than the rest of the report (thanks in no small part to influence from Saudi Arabia and the U.S.), I wanted to bring together a more complete picture of what the report actually says about it. Nikki Reisch and Carroll Muffett from the Center for International Environmental Law join to help. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices